Medici
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Medici
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Claudia de Medici
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Medici
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Giovanni di Bicci de’ Medici
Founder of the wealth of the Medici dynasty and founder of the Medici Bank. Served as financier to Pope John XXIII. and laid the basis for the family's later political rise.
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Cosimo de’ Medici
Son of Giovanni di Bicci, also known as Cosimo the Elder. Important politician, banker and patron of the Renaissance. Consolidated Medici power in Florence.
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Piero di Cosimo de’ Medici
Son of Cosimo de' Medici. Called “Piero the Gouty”. Continued the operations of the Medici Bank and political power in Florence.
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Lorenzo il Magnifico
Lorenzo the Magnificent, grandson of Cosimo de' Medici. Important politician, poet and patron of the arts. Supported artists such as Botticelli, Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo.
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Giuliano di Piero de’ Medici
Brother of Lorenzo the Magnificent. Was murdered during the Pazzi conspiracy. Father of Pope Clement VII.
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Leo X.
Son of Lorenzo the Magnificent. As Pope Leo
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Clemens VII. (Papst)
Nephew of Lorenzo the Magnificent, son of the murdered Giuliano de' Medici. As Pope Clement VII, he experienced the Sacco di Roma (1527) and the beginning of the schism in the church.
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Cosimo I. de’ Medici
Founder of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany (from 1569) and consolidator of the power of the Medici. Reformed the administration and promoted art and science.
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Ferdinando I. de’ Medici
Son of Cosimo I, Cardinal and later Grand Duke of Tuscany. Promoted trade, science and infrastructure (including the port of Livorno).
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Anna Maria Luisa de’ Medici
Last descendant of the main Medici line. Bequeathed the family assets, including the art collections, to the city of Florence (“Patto di Famiglia”).
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Caterina de’ Medici
Daughter of Lorenzo di Piero de' Medici, became Queen of France as wife of Henry II and mother of three French kings (Francis II, Charles IX, Henry III). She played a central role in French politics during the Wars of Religion.
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Lorenzo di Piero de’ Medici
Duke of Urbino and father of Caterina de' Medici. Son of Piero di Lorenzo de' Medici. He was an important representative of the late Medici generation during the Florentine Republic.
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Giovanni dalle Bande Nere
Famous condottiere (mercenary leader) of the Medici and father of Cosimo I. He fought in the service of various Italian princes and the Church, known for his courage and military prowess.
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Francesco I. de’ Medici
Grand Duke of Tuscany, son of Cosimo I. Known for his support of science and art, but also for political intrigue. He is believed to have been poisoned along with his wife Bianca Cappello.
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Ferdinando II. de’ Medici
Grand Duke of Tuscany, son of Cosimo II. Patron of science, especially Galileo Galilei and Evangelista Torricelli.
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Cosimo III. de’ Medici
Grand Duke of Tuscany, son of Ferdinando II. His reign was marked by economic and cultural decline, but at the same time characterized by deep religiosity.
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Giuliano di Lorenzo de’ Medici
Duke of Nemours, brother of Pope Leo X. He was an important representative of the family during the late Florentine Republic.
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Lucrezia de’ Medici
Daughter of Cosimo I, married to Alfonso II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara. Her early death was later revealed through rumors of poisoning.
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Gian Gastone de’ Medici
Last reigning Grand Duke of Tuscany. After his death, the rule of the Medici ended and Tuscany fell to the House of Lorraine.